Protection

Protection against both high and low energy impacts may be provided by non-textile materials. Rigid materials, which may be polymer plates with or without textile components, are used to spread the load over a larger area than the impact source. Both open-cell and closed-cell foams may be used to absorb the energy of impact. Multi-layer textiles may be used for similar purposes. Obviously garment/component design is important to maintain mobility, possibly by segmentation to provide articulation, whilst ensuring maximum protection.

Another area which is extremely important in a wider context is protection from radiation, particularly ultra-violet radiation. Although protection is necessary from the normally transmitted wavelengths, increased concern is being expressed because of reduced protection caused by depletion of the ozone layer. There is a great deal of interest at the moment in increasing U.V. absorption using a combination of fibre and fabric constructions, inherent U.V. absorbers incorporated at the fibre extrusion stage and U.V. absorbing finishes.

Other areas of concern include flame retardency, heat resistance, anti-microbial products and, in a wider context, resistance to a wide range of other agencies, including chemicals, radiation, toxic gases and micro-organisms. The distinction between sportswear, personal protective clothing and even military clothing are becoming increasingly blurred.